Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή: Ενημερωτικό σημείωμα για τις επενδύσεις στις συνεργασίες στην έρευνα και την καινοτομία
Ανάρτηση:
Mavromatidis Dimitrios
την
18 Απρ 2014
Why is the EU funding research and innovation partnerships with the private sector and Member States under Horizon 2020?
What are these partnerships?
The
public-private partnerships take the form of Joint Technology Initiatives
(JTIs). They represent the joining of forces between the EU and industry and
provide vital funding for large-scale, longer-term and high risk/reward
research. They set out commitments, including financial commitments, over a
seven year period from both the EU and from the industry partners. They each
have clear objectives which need to be achieved by the Partnerships. JTIs bring
together companies, universities, research laboratories, innovative SMEs and
other groups and organisations around major research and innovation challenges.
They establish their own strategic research and innovation agendas and fund
projects selected through open and competitive calls for project proposals. The
JTIs are established under Article 187 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union (TFEU) and managed by dedicated entities called Joint
Undertakings.
Six of these
JTIs will be initially established under Horizon 2020 as well as a seventh
public-private partnership (SESAR) in a different form.
Alongside
these, four Joint Programmes with EU Member States will be established. These
are set up under Article 185 of the TFEU and help EU Member States to integrate
and coordinate their own national research programmes to ensure better use of
resources.
What are the benefits for Europe?
Partnerships
in research and innovation are powerful and much needed tools to deliver on the
objectives of Horizon 2020 for a number of reasons. They address strategic
technologies that will underpin growth and jobs in key sectors of a
knowledge-based European economy. They make funding more efficient by pooling financial,
human and infrastructure resources and they aid in getting innovative
technologies faster to the market. They also help make Europe a more attractive
location for international companies to invest and innovate. The partnerships
contribute to meeting many EU objectives including 3% of GDP invested in
R&D and 20% of GDP coming from manufacturing by 2020.
The
evaluations of the current JTIs show that they attract a high level of
industrial participation including that of SMEs, they develop long-term commitments
and strategies in research and innovation as well as interdisciplinary
approaches to address complex problems.
What will these partnerships focus on?
Most of the
investment will come through six JTIs. In line with the priorities of Horizon
2020, they will address some of the most pressing economic, societal and
environmental challenges that Europe and the world are facing. More information
about these initiatives can be found in dedicated fact sheets:
·
Clean Sky 2 (CS2): to develop
cleaner, quieter aircraft with significantly less CO2 emissions (factsheet)
·
Innovative Medicines 2 (IMI2):
to develop next generation vaccines, medicines and treatments, such as new
antibiotics (factsheet)
·
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2
(FCH2): to expand the use of clean and efficient technologies in transport,
industry and energy (factsheet)
·
Bio-based Industries (BBI): to
use renewable natural resources and innovative technologies for greener
everyday products (factsheet)
·
Electronics (ECSEL): to boost
Europe’s electronics manufacturing capabilities (factsheet and MEMO/13/673)
Besides
these JTIs, the Parliament also adopted the Commission's proposal to extend the
SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Research) project. This is the technical pillar
of the Single European Sky initiative, which aims to modernise Air Traffic
Management in Europe.
The four
joint programmes with Member States and their aims are:
·
European and Developing
Countries Clinical Trials Partnership 2 (EDCTP2): to reduce the social and
economic burden of poverty related diseases;
·
The European Metrology
Programme for Research and Innovation (EMPIR): to provide new measurement
technologies;
·
Eurostars 2: to stimulate
growth and job creation by supporting innovative SMEs;
·
Active and Assisted Living
Research and Development Programme: to improve the quality of life for the
elderly and to increase the sustainability of care systems.
Who can participate in these Partnerships?
The Joint
Technology Initiatives will all run competitive calls which are open to the
participation of companies, SMEs, universities, research organisations and
others, and where the best projects will be selected for funding through peer
review. There are also opportunities for interested organisations to become new
members of the Partnerships during the implementation.
What will be the budgets of these partnerships?
In total,
the Innovation Investment Package and related proposals represent an investment
of more than €22 billion into Europe's future. Over the next seven years, the
EU's contribution of less than €9 billion will mobilise more than €9 billion
from the private sector and about €4 billion from Member States.
The six JTIs
are expected to mobilise a total investment exceeding €17 billion, of which the
EU budget contribution will be up to €6.7 billion.
How will industry make financial commitments to the Partnerships?
The industry
partners will make financial contributions in a number of ways depending on the
specific nature of the Partnership. Specifically; by contributing to the
budgets of the calls for proposals; by financing the activities of the JTI
either through funding all or part of its own costs in participating in the
projects selected for funding and by financing additional activities outside
the calls. In all cases, the partners will also contribute half of the costs of
running the Joint Undertaking which will manage the Partnership.
Innovation Investment Package - total investments (2014-20) (in € million)
Joint Technology Initiatives
|
|||
JTI
|
EU - Horizon 2020 (maximum amount)
+ participating Member States (for Electronics only) |
Industrial participation
|
Total
|
Innovative
Medicines Initiative 2
|
€1638
|
€1638
|
€3276
|
Fuel Cells
and Hydrogen 2
|
€665
|
€665
|
€1330
|
Clean Sky
2
|
€1755
|
€2193.75
|
€3948.75
|
Bio-based
Industries
|
€975
|
€2730
|
€3705
|
Electronic
Components and Systems
|
€1184.874 (+ at least €1170 from ECSEL participating States)
|
€1657.5
|
€4012.374
|
Shift2Rail
|
€450
|
€470
|
€920
|
Total JTIs
|
€7837.874 (€6667.874 from Horizon 2020 + €1170 from ECSEL participating
States)
|
€9354.25
|
€17,192.124
|
Joint Programmes with Member States
|
|||
Public–public Partnership
|
EU - Horizon 2020
|
Member States
|
total
|
European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership 2 (EDCTP 2)
|
€683
|
€683
|
€1366
|
European Metrology Research Programme (EMPIR)
|
€300
|
€300
|
€600
|
Eurostars
2 (for SMEs)
|
€287
|
€861
|
€1148
|
Active and Assisted Living Research and Development Programme
|
€175
|
€175
|
€350
|
Total
joint programmes
|
€1445
|
€2019
|
€3464
|
SESAR Joint Undertaking
|
|||
JU
|
EU - Horizon 2020
|
Eurocontrol and other members
|
total
|
European Air Traffic Management System (SESAR)
|
€585
|
€1000
|
€1585
|
TOTAL
|
€22241.124
|
||
Are these partnerships a new idea, will they work?
Most of the
partnerships were started and proved successful under the 7th research
framework programme (2007-2013). The legislative proposals adopted today by the
EP are necessary to re-establish the existing initiatives with new objectives
and budgets under Horizon 2020 and to set up new ones.
All of the
current partnerships have been the subject of independent evaluations and the
recommendations from these evaluations have been used to improve the new
partnerships.
How much has the EU spent on existing JTIs?
Under the
7th research framework programme, JTIs represented a total EU contribution of
€3.1 billion, matched by an industry investment of €4.7 billion. From the
beginning of activities until February 2014, they account for 663 funded
projects in total which had 5081 participants. In general, JTIs have proven to
be successful in attracting a high level of industrial participation in their
activities, including SMEs who represent about 20% of the participants.
What have the current JTIs achieved?
JTIs have
only been fully operational for a limited time, but they are already having a
positive impact. This shows that they can deliver on turning challenges into
opportunities.
For example,
the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen JTI has put in place a significant project
portfolio of strategic importance and already introduced some early
applications such as forklifts, small back-up power units and new types of
hydrogen-powered buses to the market. Technologies developed or under
development by the Clean Sky JTI, such as new types of aircraft wing, are
estimated to be able to reduce aviation CO2 emissions by more than 20%. The
Innovative Medicines Initiative JTI has scored a number of achievements such as
discoveries that bring new hope to diabetes sufferers. And research by the
ENIAC and ARTEMIS JTIs, which are being merged into the new ECSEL JTI, has
resulted, for instance, in drastically higher efficiency of electric vehicles
and much greater reliability of electronic systems used in transportation.
More
information about the successes of the current initiatives can be found in
dedicated factsheets.
What is new under Horizon 2020?
New JTIs are
based on the new objectives under Horizon 2020 and build on the successful
experience under FP7. The new JTIs represent a higher level of ambition with
increased budgets and more challenging objectives in order to increase their
impact. They incorporate major simplifications resulting from Horizon 2020 and
through the use of simpler financial rules. The industry commitments to the
JTIs are significantly higher than in FP7 and include additional activities
that will be solely financed by the industry partners, in particular to help
ensure the effective deployment of the new technologies.
When will the new Partnerships start?
The
proposals will now need to be formally adopted by the Council of the EU. Five
of the seven Joint Undertakings are planning to launch their first calls in
July 2014.
Useful links:
Joint Technology Initiatives
Joint Programmes with Member States
European
Metrology Programme for Research and Innovation:
Active and
Assisted Living Research and Development Programme:
Others
SESAR: http://www.sesarju.eu/
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